Citations all over the place! If you preach on Good Friday, hopefully you can find a trove of ideas to stash away and slowly draw out over several years.

Isaiah 52:13-53:12

Surely he has borne our infirmities
and carried our diseases;
yet we accounted him stricken,
struck down by God, and afflicted.
But he was wounded for our transgressions,
crushed for our iniquities;
upon him was the punishment that made us whole,
and by his bruises we are healed.
All we like sheep have gone astray;
we have all turned to our own way,
and the Lord has laid on him
the iniquity of us all.
— Isaiah 53:4-6

Chapter 53, verses 4-5 are quoted in Formula of Concord, Solid Declaration, Article 5: Law and Gospel (FC, SD 5:23) near the end of a paragraph noting the continual proclamation of law and gospel, especially in the hope for the one "through whose wounds we have been healed" (FC, SD 5:23).

Chapter 53, verse 5 is quoted in Smalcald Articles, Part 2 (SA 2.5) in passing as part of the reason why we believe in Jesus and cannot be swayed from this faith.

Chapter 53, verse 6 is quoted in Apology of the Augsburg Confession, Article 20: Good Works (AP 20.5) speaking against the understanding of what happens to our sin--are our iniquities placed on our works or on Jesus? Melanchthon says, using this verse, the answer is Jesus.

Chapter 53, verse 6 is also quoted in Smalcald Articles, Part 2 (SA 2.2) as part of the same argument from SA 2.5 noted above.

Yet it was the will of the Lord to crush him with pain.
When you make his life an offering for sin,
he shall see his offspring, and shall prolong his days;
through him the will of the Lord shall prosper.
— Isaiah 53:10

Chapter 53, verse 10 is quoted in Apology of the Augsburg Confession, Article 24: The Mass (AC 24.23) to show that Jesus is the victim offered up for our sins "in order to make satisfaction for our sins and reconcile us to God, so that people might know that God wants to be reconciled to us not on account of our righteousness but on account of another's merits, namely, Christ's" (AP 24.23). This same verse is quoted again a little later in the same article (AP 24.55) to argue that even the sacrifices prescribed by the Law did not merit forgiveness but only served to foreshadow Jesus' sacrifice.

Out of his anguish he shall see light;
he shall find satisfaction through his knowledge.
The righteous one, my servant, shall make many righteous,
and he shall bear their iniquities.
— Isaiah 53:11

Chapter 53, verse 11 is quoted in Apology of the Augsburg Confession, Article 4: Justification (AP 4.101) to argue that to know Jesus is "to believe that God will keep the promises which he makes on account of Christ" (AP 4.101). A simple, but important point.

Hebrews 4:14-16; 5:7-9

Since, then, we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus, the Son of God, let us hold fast to our confession. For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but we have one who in every respect has been tested as we are, yet without sin. Let us therefore approach the throne of grace with boldness, so that we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need.
— Hebrews 4:14-16

Chapter 4, verses 14-16 are cited with excerpts in Apology of the Augsburg Confession, Article 4: Justification (AP 4.82) as evidence that we are urged "to approach God, not with confidence in our own merits, but with confidence in Christ the high priest" (AP 4.82), emphasizing faith.

Chapter 4, verse 16 is cited in a footnote in The Large Catechism, Fourth Part: Baptism (LC 4.86, n. 225) to explain the reference to Christ, the mercy seat.

John 18:1-19:42

When Jesus said to them, “I am he,” they stepped back and fell to the ground.
— John 18:6

Chapter 18, verse 6 is cited as an editorial insert in Formula of Concord, Solid Declaration, Article 8: Person of Christ (FC, SD 8.25) as an example of Jesus revealing some of his divine nature.

Jesus answered, “My kingdom is not from this world. If my kingdom were from this world, my followers would be fighting to keep me from being handed over to the Jews. But as it is, my kingdom is not from here.”
— John 18:36

Chapter 18, verse 36 is quoted in The Augsburg Confession, Article 28: Bishops (AC 28.14) as a reminder that those with ecclesiastical authority should not also hold positions of secular authority. The two different authorities are too easily confused and mixed. This same verse is also quoted in Treatise on the Power and Primacy of the Pope (Tp 31) to take this argument further and denounce any secular authority the pope would claim over any worldly kingdoms.

TheoThru

How do we atone for our sins? We don't. Any time we forget this and try to reconcile ourselves to God through our work, we deny what God has done for us in Jesus.

How do we talk about the biblical idea of sacrifice without connecting our work to Jesus' sacrifice?
How do we both announce the gospel and live in the secular world without confusing our rights and responsibilities?